This article represents density functional theory (DFT) based comparative analysis on six trivalent rare-earth ions (RE3+; RE Y, La, Ce, Sm, Eu and Gd) absorption, from the respective nitrate-hexahydrate salts, on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) 2D monolayer, and the photocatalytic properties of the RE3+ adsorbed g-C3N4 systems (g-C3N4/RE3+) based on the ground-state electronic structure calculations. Structure, stability and coordination chemistry of two configurations of each hydrated RE-salt system are discussed in detail. Both DFT (B3LYP/SDD) and semi-empirical (Sparkle/PM7) calculations identify the central N6 vacancy of pristine g-C3N4 as the most suitable site for RE3+ adsorption. Bader's QTAIM, Mayer bond order and charge population analyses (ADCH, CHELPG and DDEC) are performed to describe the bond characteristics within the systems under study. Thermochemical calculations suggest that the adsorption process is thermodynamically more feasible for higher atomic number (Z) RE3+ [Sm3+, Eu3+ and Gd3+], compared to lower-Z RE3+ [Y3+, La3+ and Ce3+] ions. Besides, the better photocatalytic properties of higher-Z RE3+ adsorbed g-C3N4 systems are revealed from better HOMO-LUMO delocalization, decreased HOMO-LUMO gap, increased softness, higher electrophilicity and electron transfer parameter, compared to pristine or lower-Z RE3+ adsorbed g-C3N4 systems, as obtained from Hirshfeld orbital compositions, density of states and condensed Fukui function analyses. Megasecoptera is a late Paleozoic order of herbivorous insects with rostrum-like mouthparts and slender homonomous outstretched wings. Our knowledge of their morphology is mainly based on wings while other body parts are scarcely documented. Here we focus on the families Bardohymenidae and Aspidothoracidae. A new well preserved specimen of Sylvohymen cf. sibiricus is described and illustrated, particularly the structures of the external male genitalia previously unknown for Bardohymenidae. Sylvohymen marginatussp. nov. is described from the early Permian of Tshekarda based on unique traits in the wing venation. The genera Paleohymen and Taigahymen are both removed from Bardohymenidae and the latter is transferred to Vorkutiidae. Alexahymen aestatis (Brauckmann, 1991) comb. nov. from Pennsylvanian at Piesberg is transferred from Aspidothoracidae to Bardohymenidae. Piesbergbrodiagen. nov. is designated for Piesbergbrodia tristrata (Brauckmann and Herd, 2003) comb. nov. as a member of Brodiidae and the first known record of this family from Piesberg quarry. The placement of Sylvohymen peckae in the Bardohymenidae is considered doubtful due to lack of significant characters in its venation. Furthermore, our study is focused on the form of the apical cell and the pattern of wing pigmentation. Peculiarities of the integumental outgrowths and external genitalia of representatives of Aspidothoracidae and Bardohymenidae, and other close relatives, are highlighted. Home and community composting are considered potential tools for the self-management of organic waste. The production of added value products from biowaste is an encouraging step further to valorise this waste stream. To increase the profits of homemade compost, this paper presents a strategy to produce enriched home compost with biopesticide properties through a simple and low-cost process. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) was inoculated in a home composter bin through a solid inoculum previously prepared using the same waste as substrate. The process was monitored and compared with a home composting control process without inoculation. Final composts were analysed and compared in terms of physicochemical and microbiological properties, respiration and germination indices, indicating the suitability of both to be used as organic amendments. Also, a standardized toxicity test proved that Bt-enriched compost can be safely applied to the soil. Microbiological analysis revealed highly diverse communities in both cases, with limited differences at phylum taxonomic level, but dissimilar relative abundances of species within phylum. Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were dominant, with the presence of species able to transform organic matter from vegetal origin, but not usually related to compost. https://www.selleckchem.com/ Bt-cristal toxin was clearly present in Bt-enriched compost, indicating the coexistence of Bt with the different microbial populations till the end of the composting process. Although Bt has been widely investigated due to its biopesticide properties, the incorporation of this microorganism to home composting level has not been previously reported. The elution of metallic content from cotton stalk (CS) and its co-pyrolysis with waste tires (WT) was investigated in fixed bed reactor. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) was used for leaching and successful removal of metals from cotton stalk was observed. Removal efficiencies of 86%, 58%, 48%, 58% and 35% for potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and iron metals were achieved, respectively. Pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis using various mixing ratios of raw (R-CS) and acid washed cotton stalk (W-CS) with waste tire were carried out at 550&nbsp;°C. Co-pyrolyzing W-CS with WT not only resulted in increased liquid yield with reduced char and gas yields, but also improved the quality of pyrolytic oil evincing the occurrence of strong positive synergistic effect. The addition of WT reduced oxygenates, density and water content of oil whilst pH and calorific value are increased compared to both, R-CS and W-CS pyrolytic oils. Relative percentage area of hydrocarbons increased to 65% in co-pyrolysis of WT with W-CS as compared to 47% for that of R-CS at optimum blend ratio (CSWT 13). Likewise, 19% higher reduction in oxygenated compounds was observed in W-CS and WT co-pyrolytic oil. Co-pyrolyzing WT with R-CS and W-CS resulted in improved quality of oil. However, the synergistic effect was less significant for R-CS suggesting that the presence of intrinsic metals in R-CS hampered the occurrence of synergistic effects. Impurities in biowaste, such as plastics, glass, metals and inert material, negatively impact the operation of anaerobic digestion plants and compost quality, and have to be removed prior to the anaerobic digestion process. Different mechanical pretreatments are available for this purpose. However, data on the removal efficiencies of pretreatment systems for different types of biowaste and for different kinds of impurities are still scarce. This study aims to determine the efficiencies for impurity removal of four biowaste pretreatment plants (BTPs) at real scale - (1) drum-screen&nbsp;+&nbsp;shredder&nbsp;+&nbsp;piston press; (2) shredder&nbsp;+&nbsp;piston press&nbsp;+&nbsp;screw press; (3) separation-mill; and (4) pulper&nbsp;+&nbsp;drum-screen. BTP 1 treats mixed food and garden wastes, while BTP 2, 3 and 4 treat mostly food waste. The efficiency of the pretreatment systems was influenced by the type of pretreated biowaste. The recovery of organics by the press was more efficient when pretreating food waste (BTP 2, 93%) than for treating mixed food and garden wastes (BTP 1, 77%).